Glutamine: biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and glutamine synthesis enzyme catalyzes at high levels in kidney tissue. This reaction is similar to and different from glutamate dehydrogenase. Both fixed inorganic nitrogen, but in a different amino acid and amide bond. Both reactions are exergonic hydrolysis of glutamine-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and glutamate dehydrogenase, the oxidation of NAD (P) H(Nicotanamide dinucleotide phosphate).
Given that ammonia is continually produced in tissues removed from circulation by the liver and thus transformed into glutamate, glutamine, and then urea. Only trace amounts of ammonia (10-20 mcg / dl) in the peripheral blood.
Glutamine
Aynthetase corrections ammonia as glutamine glutamine. There were some tumors have very high demands for glutamine and asparagine, asparaginase and glutaminase onused as anticancer agents. The degradation of glutamate and glutamine is similar to that of asparagine and aspartate, but ideal for ketoglutarate. The deamidation of glutamine is catalyzed by glutaminase. Antifolate drugs or similar blocking glutamine biosynthesis of purine nucleotides.
Glutamic acid is an amino acid, and is easily synthesized in the body. And 'aminoglutaric known as acid, amino acid and the metabolically more responsive. And 'synthesized in the bodythrough the process of
* Transamination
* Dehydration,
* To glutaminase, an enzyme hydrolysis.
And 'catabolized to form a) detoglutaric acid, and b) by the enzyme glutamine synthetase glutamine. Glumatic The acid content is high in the brain. Glutathione is a tripeptide and contains glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. Glutamic acid helps in the synthesis of praline, aspartic acid and ornithine. Glutamine with glucose asFuel for the brain cells, as well as detoxification of ammonia by the brain. In systematic acidosis, glutamine is released due to decreased muscle glutamine takeoff from the liver and increased release of glutamine. More glutamine is not present in the circulation, and increases the renal production of ammonia.
Glutamine is synthesized in the liver, serves kidneys, brain and retina. Glutamine as a reservoir of nitrogen in the tissues. Glutamineassumes in the process of detoxification in phenylacetic, the toxic substance in the body with the formation of phenyl acetyl glutamine is excreted. glutamine participates in the synthesis of purines, histidine, NAD and NADP, and pyrimidine.
Folic acid or folate, is made on the basis of a molecule pterdine PABA (p-amino benzoic acid) and glutamic acid. Brewer's yeast, liver, and leafy vegetables are important sources of folate.
Glutamine Benefits and its functions